摘要：
本文目錄除了大名鼎鼎的兵馬俑,西安還有哪些不為人知的景點嗎西安兵馬俑景點介紹求秦陵兵馬俑景點中英文對照介紹一、除了大名鼎鼎的兵馬俑,西安還有哪些不為人知的景點嗎... 本文目錄
一、除了大名鼎鼎的兵馬俑,西安還有哪些不為人知的景點嗎
1、除了兵馬俑之外，西安其實還有大/小雁塔、興教寺塔、大唐芙蓉園、西安碑林博物館以及西安秦嶺野生動物園等諸多景點。
2、大雁塔與小雁塔都屬于“世界文化遺產(chǎn)”，其中前者為5A級景區(qū)，后者則為4A級景區(qū)。大雁塔建造于652年，是西行歸來的玄奘法師保存佛經(jīng)、佛像等物的地方。大雁塔初建時就只有五層，后來追加至九層。小雁塔則是始建于707年，是為了供義凈高僧存放自天竺帶回的佛經(jīng)、佛圖等物而集資籌建的。而原有十五層的小雁塔后因地震的緣故，現(xiàn)如今只留下十三層。
3、興教寺塔這一景點位于西安長安區(qū)，它的出現(xiàn)同樣與玄奘法師有關(guān)。玄奘法師圓寂之后最初葬于白鹿原，后來在669年的時候其靈骨被遷移至興教寺塔所在地，與此同時起塔以供存放。而繼玄奘法師之后，身為其弟子的窺基以及新羅僧人圓測的舍利同樣存于該處。也就是說，興教寺塔其實是墓塔。興教寺塔不僅是目前國內(nèi)歷史最為悠久的閣樓式塔，同時它也是佛教經(jīng)由絲綢之路進入中國，然后再至朝鮮半島這一歷史的展現(xiàn)。日本景點賣門票嗎
4、大唐芙蓉園并不是古代園林，而是一個以盛唐時期的皇家園林為背景的大型主題公園，地址與唐代芙蓉園舊址距離較近。大唐芙蓉園始建于2002年，兩年后建成，后于2005年開始對外開放。大唐芙蓉園內(nèi)建有許多仿唐建筑，具體包括紫云樓、仕女館、御宴宮等等。占地1000畝的大唐芙蓉園設(shè)有多個不同主題的文化區(qū)，比如說飲食文化區(qū)、科舉文化區(qū)、詩歌文化區(qū)。在2011年時候，大唐芙蓉園也是被列選為國家5A級景區(qū)。
5、西安建有多個博物館，其中碑林博物館是歷史最為悠久的一座，早在宋朝時期便已存在。西安碑林博物館的館藏之物多為碑刻、墓志這類文物，因為館中碑石如林，所以得名“碑林”。西安碑林博物館所收藏的藏品數(shù)量多達上萬件，其中包括國內(nèi)唯一保存完整的石刻經(jīng)書《開成石經(jīng)》，以及唐昭陵六駿中的“什伐赤”、“白蹄烏”、“特勒驃”以及“青騅”這四塊石刻。
6、相較于秦始皇兵馬俑，以上這些景點的名氣雖然相對比較小，但是卻也不失為西安旅游的好去處。
二、西安兵馬俑景點介紹
秦始皇兵馬俑博物館又稱兵馬俑、秦兵馬俑。它是秦始皇陵的陪葬坑，與秦始皇帝陵一同組成了：秦始皇帝陵博物院。
秦始皇兵馬俑素有世界第八大奇跡之稱。這里出土的一千多個士兵陶俑，形象各不相同，神態(tài)生動，是中國古代雕塑藝術(shù)史上的一顆璀璨明珠，被譽為“二十世紀考古史上的偉大發(fā)現(xiàn)之一”。景點介紹：
1、一號坑：景區(qū)中的一號俑坑是較早發(fā)掘出來的。俑坑東西長約230米，南北寬約62米。根據(jù)試掘已出土陶俑、陶馬的排列密度推算，一號兵馬俑坑內(nèi)約埋藏陶俑、陶馬六千件，同時還有大量的青銅兵器。
2、二號坑和三號坑：二號坑和三號坑分別在一號坑的兩旁。和一號坑一樣有真人、真馬大小相似的陶俑、陶馬近二千件。有車兵、騎兵和步兵等不同的兵種，排列整齊有序。震撼雖然不如一號坑，但是因為每個俑坑的隊伍、作用都不同。
1、兵馬俑停車場參考價格：20元每次；地址：陜西省西安市臨潼區(qū)秦陵北路附近；庫位：500。
2、手機充電：秦始皇兵馬俑博物館游客服務中心配備充電電源插座，提供手機充電服務。費用：免費。
3、行李寄存：景區(qū)正門右側(cè)游客服務中心。
4、景區(qū)講解：秦始皇兵馬俑博物館游客中心提供電子導覽服務和專家預約講解服務。具體：可提供中文、英文、日文專業(yè)講解服務，可提供專家預約講解服務；可提供免費廣播尋人服務。志愿者不定期免費咨詢。
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三、求秦陵兵馬俑景點中英文對照介紹
Emperor Qin Shihuang’s Mausoleum and the Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses Museum.
Emperor Qin Shihuang(259-210B.C.) had Ying as his surname and Zheng as his given name. He name to the throne of the Qin at age 13, and took the helm of the state at age of 22. By 221 B.C., he had annexed the six rival principalities of Qi, Chu, Yan, Han, Zhao and Wei, and established the first feudal empire in China’s history.
In the year 221 B.C., when he unified the whole country, Ying Zheng styled himself emperor. He named himself Shihuang Di, the first emperor in the hope that his later generations be the second, the third even the one hundredth and thousandth emperors in proper order to carry on the hereditary system. Since then, the supreme feudal rulers of China’s dynasties had continued to call themselves Huang Di, the emperor.
After he had annexed the other six states, Emperor Qin Shihuang abolished the enfeoffment system and adopted the prefecture and county system. He standardized legal codes, written language, track, currencies, weights and measures. To protect against harassment by the Hun aristocrats. Emperor Qin Shihuang ordered the Great Wall be built. All these measures played an active role in eliminating the cause of the state of separation and division and strengthening the unification of the whole country as well as promotion the development of economy and culture. They had a great and deep influence upon China’s 2,000 year old feudal society.
Emperor Qin Shihuang ordered the books of various schools burned except those of the Qin dynasty’s history and culture, divination and medicines in an attempt to push his feudal autocracy in the ideological field. As a result, China’s ancient classics had been devastated and destroy. Moreover, he once ordered 460 scholars be buried alive日本景點門票大全. Those events were later called in history“the burning of books and the burying of Confucian scholars.”
Emperor Qin Shihuang，for his own pleasure, conscribed several hundred thousand convicts and went in for large-scale construction and had over seven hundred palaces built in the Guanzhong Plain. These palaces stretched several hundred li and he sought pleasure from one palace to the other. Often nobody knew where he ranging treasures inside the tomb, were enclosed alive.
Emperor Qin Shihuang’s Mausoleum has not yet been excavated. What looks like inside could noly be known when it is opened. However, the three pits of the terra-cotta warriot excavated outside the east gate of the outer enclosure of the necropolis can make one imagine how magnificent and luxurious the structure of Emperor Qin Shihuang’s Mausoleum was.
No.1 Pit was stumbled upon in March 1974 when villagers of Xiyang Village of Yanzhai township, Lintong County, sank a well 1.5km east of the mausoleum. In 1976, No.2 and 3 Pits were found 20m north of No.1 Pit respectively after the drilling survey. The terra-cotta warriors and horses are arrayed according to the Qin dynasty battle formation, symbolizing the troops keeping vigil beside the mausoleum. This discovery aroused much interest both at home and abroad. In 1975, a museum, housing the site of No.1 and covering an area of 16,300 square meters was built with the permission of the State Council. The museum was formally opened to public on Oct.1, the National Day, 1979.
No.1 Pit is 230 meters long from east to west, 62m wide from north to south and 5m deep, covering a total area of 14,260 square meters. It is an earth-and-wood structure in the shape of a tunnel. There are five sloping entrances on the eastern and western sides of the pit respectively. The pit is divided into eleven corridors by ten earthen partition walls, and the floors are paved with bricks. Thick rafters were placed onto the walls(but now one can only see their remains), which were covered with mats and then fine soil and earth. The battle formation of the Qin dynasty, facing east. In the east end are arrayed three lines of terra-cotta warriors, 70 pieces in each, totaling 210 pieces. They are supposed to be the van of the formation. Immediately behind them are 38 columns of infantrymen alternating with war chariots in the corridors, each being 180m long. They are probably the main body of the formation. There is one line of warriors in the left, right and west ends respectively, facing outwards. They are probably the flanks and the rear. There are altogether 27 trial trench, it is assumed that more than 6,000 clay warriors and horses could be unearthed from No.1 Pit.
No.2 Pit sis about half the size of No.1 Pit, covering about 6,000 square meters Trail diggings show this is a composite formation of infantry, cavalry and chariot soldiers, from which roughly over 1,000 clay warriors, and 500 chariots and saddled horses could be unearthed. The 2,000-year-old wooden chariots are already rotten. But their shafts, cross yokes, and wheels, etc. left clear impressions on the earth bed. The copper parts of the chariots still remain. Each chariot is pulled by four horses which are one and half meters high and two metres long. According to textual research, these clay horses were sculptures after the breed in the area of Hexi Corridor. The horses for the cavalrymen were already saddled, but with no stirups.
No.3 Pit covers an area of 520m2 with only four horses, one chariot and 68 warriors, supposed to be the command post of the battle formation. Now, No.2 and 3 Pits have been refilled, but visitors can see some clay figures and weapons displayed in the exhibition halls in the museum that had been unearthed from these two pits. The floors of both No.1 and 2 Pits were covered with a layer of silt of 15 to 20cm thick. In these pits, one can see traces of burnt beams everywhere, some relics which were mostly broken. Analysis shows that the pits were burned down by Xiang Yu, leader of a peasant army. All of the clay warriors in the three pits held real weapons in their hands and face east, showing Emperor Qin Shihuang’s strong determination of wiping out the six states and unifying the whole country.
The height of the terra-cotta warriors varies from 1.78m, the shortest, to 1.97m, the tallest. They look healthy and strong and have different facial expressions. Probably they were sculpted by craftsmen according to real soldiers of the Qin dynasy. They organically combined the skills of round engraving, bas-relief and linear engraving, and utilized the six traditional folk crafts of sculpturing, such as hand-moulding, sticking, cutting, painting and so on. The clay models were then put in kilns, baked and colour-painted. As the terra-cotta figures have beeb burnt and have gone through the natural process of decay, we can’t see their original gorgeous colours. However, most of the terra-cotta figures bear the trace of the original colours, and few of them are still as bright as new. They are found to be painted by mineral dyestuffs of vermilion, bright red, pink dark green, powder green, purple, blue, orange, black and white colours.
Thousands of real weapons were unearthed from these terra-cotta army pits, including broad knives, swords, spears, dagger-axes, halberds, bows, crossbows and arrowheads. These weapons were exquisitely made. Some of theme are still very sharp, analyses show that they are made of alloys of copper and tin, containing more than ten kinds of other metals. Since their surfaces were treated with chromium, they are as bright as new, though buried underground for more than 2,000 years. This indicates that Qin dynasty’s metallurgical technology and weapon-manufacturing technique already reached quite a high level.日本各景點門票預約
In December 1980, two teams of large painted bronze chariots and horses were unearthed 20 metres west of the mound of Emperor Qin Shihuang’s Mausoleum. These single shaft four-horse chariots each comprises 3,462 spare parts, and has a body with two compartments, one behind the other, and an elliptical umbrella like canopy. The four horses harnessed to the chariot are 65-67 centimeters tall. The restored bronze chariots and horses are exact imitations of true chariot, horse and driver in half life-size.
The chariots and horses are decorated with coloured drawings against white background. They have been fitted with more than 1,500 piecese of gold and silvers and decorations, looking luxurious, splendid and graceful. Probably they were meant for the use of Emperor Qin Shihuang’s soul to go on inspection. The bronze chariots and horses were made by lost wax casting, which shows a high level of technology. For instance, the tortoise-shell-like canopy is about 4mm thick, and the window is only 1mm thick on which are many small holes for ventilation. According to a preliminary study, the technology of manufacturing the bronze chariots and horses has involved casting, welding, reveting, inlaying embedding and chiseling. The excavation of the bronze chariots and horses provides extremely valuable material and data for the textual research of the metallurgical technique, the mechanism of the chariot and technological modeling of the Qin dynasty.
No.2 bronze chariot and horses now on display were found broken into 1,555 pieces when excavated. After two-and-half years’ careful and painstaking restoration by archaeologists and various specialists, they were formally exhibited in the museum on October 1, 1983. No.1 bronze chariot hand horses are on display from 1988.
今天，我們將參觀秦兵馬俑博物館。秦兵馬俑博物館位于酉安市東35公里處，從喜來登酒店坐車到那里大約需要50分鐘時間。自秦兵馬俑博物館于1979年10月1日開館至今，已有為效眾多國家的黨政首腦都參觀過這個博物館，更有數(shù)以百萬計的中外游客不遠干里來參觀這個人類奇跡。法國總統(tǒng)希拉克曾留言說過：“世界上原有七大奇跡，秦兵馬俑的發(fā)現(xiàn)，可以說是第八大奇跡了。不看金字塔．不算真正到過埃及‘不看秦俑，不算真正到過中國?！泵绹案笨偨y(tǒng)蒙代爾也說；“這是真正的奇跡。全世界人民都應該到這里看一看?！睆倪@些高度凝練的話語中，我們不難看出秦俑的歷史價值及藝術(shù)價值。下面，我想把秦始皇這位成就一代偉業(yè)的歷史巨人介紹給諸位，以便使大家能對秦始皇兵馬俑和與之相關(guān)的歷史有一個較詳盡的了解。
談秦兵馬俑，必須先介紹一下面贏政。公元前259年，一代偉人贏政誕生了。13歲時，其父死后．他繼承了王位。按照泰國慣例．國王在22歲舉行過“加冕禮”以后，才可以親自執(zhí)政。當時．秦國的大權(quán)仍攀握在太后、相國呂不韋、宦官謬癟(160 6i)手中。特別是螺貞．手握大權(quán)，炙手可熱，他見宛改逐漸長大，便陰謀叛亂．奪取政權(quán)。公元前238年，22歲的贏政去故都雍城納新年宮舉行加冕禮。謬酉在從霸年宮回咸陽的路上埋下伏兵，準備將贏政殺死。當贏政察覺此事后，憑優(yōu)勢兵力訂敗鑼盔，將其生擒并車裂致死。贏政親致以后．以呂不韋放縱嫁亮為名，放逐日不韋。呂不韋后來飲毒灑自斃。這樣，贏政順利地消滅了政權(quán)內(nèi)部的兩大敵對勢力，鞏固了自身的地位。為了進一步鞏固君主權(quán)力，贏政選用了一批精明強干酌文臣武將，如掌握軍事的尉繚，攀管國歐的李斯。接著，贏政制定了遠交近攻、離間外敵、各個擊破的戰(zhàn)賂方針，開始統(tǒng)一中國，結(jié)束了春秋戰(zhàn)國以來長達500多年各諸侯國割據(jù)稱雄的混亂局面。從公元前230年到公元前221年，在不到io年的時間里，泰國滅亡了6國，終于完成了統(tǒng)一大業(yè)，建立了第一個中央集權(quán)的封建國家，為封建社會經(jīng)濟、政治、思想文化的迅速發(fā)展奠定了基礎(chǔ)。這又一次顯示了贏政的維才大賂。
贏政稱自己為始皇帝．因為他希望他的子孫后代能把他所創(chuàng)立的政權(quán)干代萬代傳下去。為此．他整頓了官僚制度。第一．從中央到地方的官吏全由他親自任免；第二，廢除分封制，推行郡縣制。第三．秦始皇還統(tǒng)一了法律、文字、貨幣、度量衡等。這些措施極大地推動了封建社會政治、經(jīng)濟、文化的發(fā)展。另外，他還征用勞役，廣修馳道，使各地交通便利，以利經(jīng)濟文化的交流。他將戰(zhàn)國時期秦、趙、燕三國修筑的長城連在一起后．又加以擴展，形成了西起甘肅臨挑，東到遼東因石的萬里長城，有效地遏制tjb方游牧部族對案朝的騷擾。
中國皇帝大都為自己營造巨大而豪華的陵墓。在這一點上，案始皇也不例外。在他13歲剛即位時，就下令為其修建陵墓。這座原高120米．周長2000多米的巨大陵丘、雖經(jīng)風雨侵蝕和人為破壞，現(xiàn)在仍有76米之高，g長400多米之大．案始皇把都城威陽微縮于自己的陵園內(nèi)，其布局幾乎完全相同。陵園內(nèi)城西北部為獻殿建筑區(qū)，陵東北部洼地是用以祭記的養(yǎng)魚池，陵園外城西北角是石料加工場．陵西外城之外是一個大墳場。據(jù)史書記載，秦朝全國總?cè)丝诩s2000萬，壯丁不過700萬，而筑陵時，壯丁最多達70萬，可見工程之浩大。日本最貴景點門票
案始皇的陵寢如同一座龐大的地下宮殿，真可謂是一座地下“福地天堂”。墓室屋頂有天文星宿圖，t是由各種均餡生輝的珠寶構(gòu)成的，下邊有五岳、九州以及由機械驅(qū)動水銀構(gòu)成的江河湖海。另外，還沒有讓百官朝拜案始皇的大廳。為防止盜威，每座墓門上都安有自動發(fā)射的弓箭。整個陵墓可以說是一個金碧輝煌，固若金湯的地下王官。案始皇把生前所享受的一切也搬到了地下．供他在另一個世界繼續(xù)享用。他連那些為他伴駕b不曾生育的宮女，以及辛勤修建地下陵寢的工匠們都不放過．下令在他人殆時，將這些人統(tǒng)統(tǒng)活埋，為的是不讓宮女外嫁他人，不讓陵寢內(nèi)的秘密泄露。
現(xiàn)在，我們面對的是秦俑館一號坑，坑里就是號稱“世界第八大奇跡”的秦兵馬俑。面對威武整肅的龐大軍陣，你們的腦子里一定會閃現(xiàn)如下問題：這些秦傭是怎么發(fā)現(xiàn)的？為什么他們的相貌各異？為什么要制作這些俑？1、2、3號坑里共有多少俑等等。好，現(xiàn)在我就一一回答大家的這些問題。
這些俑是1974年3月西楊村農(nóng)民們在打井的過程中發(fā)現(xiàn)的。據(jù)村里的老人講．早在明朝，就有人在這里發(fā)現(xiàn)了秦俑。有一天，住在村里的難民在村外空地上訂了一口井，井水清澈，甚是喜人，可是第二天他們卻發(fā)現(xiàn)井底的水不見了。他們中膽大的腰系繩子，下去查看。不一會兒．井里傳來驚叫聲，上面的人暖緊把井里的人拉上來。這人說，他看見一個站立著的、身穿盔甲的怪物．伸手要抓他。聽者都非常害怕，想趕快用土回填那口井。但他們最終決定報告文物部門。
經(jīng)過考古專家們的勘探、鑒定．秦捅館內(nèi)的t、2、3號坑被確認為案始皇棱的陪葬坑。從1974年到1979年，經(jīng)過5年的艱苦努力，在1號坑遺址上矗立起一座氣勢宏偉、結(jié)構(gòu)科學的建筑物。這就是1979年10月對國內(nèi)外游客開放的素兵馬俑1號坑。3號坑在1989年9月27日——世界旅游日對外開放?，F(xiàn)在，在2號坑的遺址上，一座大理石建筑又落成了，它于1994年11月開始接待游客。從此，3個俑坑全都被保護在建筑物里，不再經(jīng)受風吹日曬雨淋。在供游人觀看、懷古的同時，考古工作者們還在這里繼續(xù)發(fā)掘整理兵馬俑。
經(jīng)測量，1號坑東西長330米，南北寬62米，面積4260平方米。侗坑的最東端是3gf面向東的武士，每排7個，共210個捅。他們是部隊的前鋒。前鋒部隊的后面為部隊的主體，他們被誹成38路縱隊，站在11個坑道里。每個坑道都是青磚鋪地，坑道內(nèi)例的兩邊，每隔2米就有1根立柱。這些立柱支撐著木質(zhì)屋頂，屋頂上是織成“人”字形的紋席．席上是土。整個坑道距地表5米深。另外，在坑道的南、北、西三面?zhèn)溆幸涣忻嫦蛲獾奈涫浚麄兎謩e是部隊的右翼、左翼和后衛(wèi)?，F(xiàn)在，1號坑已出土1000多件陶桶。根據(jù)推剿．全部發(fā)掘完后．僅1號坑就將出土6000多個兵馬桶。
這里是1994年11月開放的2號坑。它是由車兵、騎兵和步兵構(gòu)成的曲尺形方陣。估計可出土兵侗1000多件，車馬和鞍馬500多匹。2號坑占地6000平方米。它東面突出部分為一個小方陣，6334個彎兵桶組成。2號坑南部為64乘戰(zhàn)車組成納方陣，每排有8輛戰(zhàn)車，共8誹；中部為19輛戰(zhàn)車和隨車徒手兵涌；北部是戰(zhàn)車和騎兵。北部是由戰(zhàn)車6乘、鞍馬和騎兵各124件組成的騎兵陣。
現(xiàn)在，我們來到了3號坑，它位于2號坑西邊25米處。這個坑是1976年發(fā)現(xiàn)的。它里凹字形，占地520平方米。在3號坑里，考古專家們只發(fā)現(xiàn)1輛戰(zhàn)車和64件武士捅。它們兩兩相對站立，手捏儀衛(wèi)兵器曼(sh6)。大多數(shù)考古專家認為，從這個坑里武士的排列方式和手中所握的兵器，以及該坑與秦陵的位置來判斷，3號坑是整個軍陣的指揮部。據(jù)估計，等1、2、3導坑全部開損后，將出土8000多件陶佰。這些佰相貌各異：有的沉穩(wěn)剛毅，有的英勇果敢，有的慈善含笑。可謂楊楊如生，神情各異。因為，它們?nèi)歉鶕?jù)秦始皇徹林軍中的將士們制作的，因此，在8000“地下御林軍”中，彌絕對找不到兩個相貌、形體相同的捅。他們一個個氣廢不凡，最重的有300多公斤，員輕的也有100多公斤，身高從1．7米到1．9米不等。如果大家仔細觀瞧，不難分辨出兵桶中履些是陜酉人，娜些是四川人，哪些是甘肅東部人。這從他們的胡須梳理方式和長相即可看出。我們很多人在電影中都見過日本人的“仁丹須”．其實，案便中就有蓄仁丹胡酌，可見，這并不是日本人的發(fā)明，早在2000多年前，中國就有人留這種胡須了。
那些穿窄袖戰(zhàn)袍外套，披掛齊腰短甲，腳登緊帶獸皮鞋，頭戴防風婦的，顯然是機警的騎兵。那個左腳著地，s膝弓起，右腿脆地，有腳底向后翹起的為跪射佰。
他雙目乎視前方，神情專注。這個涌鞋底的針角，兩頭細致續(xù)密．中間疏稀．完全符合歷支真實。在五六十年代的陜西農(nóng)村，很多農(nóng)民仍喜歡穿這種掛、只是鞋尖不向上朗翹而已。幾乎每個捅的衣襟上都刻有工匠的姓名，這符合“物勒工名，以考其誠”的制度。我們今天實行的產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量監(jiān)督管理制度，秦人2000年前就已采用了。
涌坑中約馬屑典型的河西走廊馬。它身高l 5米，長2米，分為頭、頸、軀干和腿四部分。腿為實心，軀干中空，分段燒制，再組合在一起。馬的兩耳宜立，體型健壯優(yōu)美。由此可看出，秦人不愧為養(yǎng)馬世族。大家也許要問秦始皇為什么要為他制作數(shù)量如此之多的兵馬桶呢?它們是怎樣燒制成的呢?原來，秦始皇曾想用4000童男童女為其殉葬。他降旨令李斯承辦此事。李斯心中懼怕．未敢馬上執(zhí)行此令。因為，6造秦腔．建筑長城已惹得民怨沸騰，再讓如此眾多的童男室女殉葬，豈不是火上澆油嗎?他將來恐怕也死無葬身之地。于是，李斯向美始皇建議；制作與其人真馬一樣大小的兵馬桶，守護其亡靈，以壯聲威。聞聽此官，秦始皇大喜，他重新降旨，讓李斯征集全國的能工巧匠．以他的8060御林軍為原型．q作陶佰。這些桶必須手握實戰(zhàn)兵器按實戰(zhàn)隊形排列，秦始皇再三囑咐李斯，此事萬不能叫御林軍知道。因為秦朝民間流傳一個說法，如果一個人被別人復制成柄．其魂也就被勾走了．這可是大忌。案始皇當然不愿惹怒他喜愛的曰林軍了。工匠們紛紛去找詢林軍中自己的親戚、朋友、老鄉(xiāng)、熟人，仔細觀察其容貌特征，并默記于心?；厝ズ?，工匠們用模壓、塑捏、刻畫、貼條等手法制成陶佰，然后放在窯里燒?？墒?，放進去的陶佰全都被燒炸了，工匠們百思不解其中原因。后來，一個工匠為發(fā)泄對監(jiān)工的仇恨，把制好的監(jiān)工陶涌的頭去掉，將其四肢“削”去，用手“掏凈”其內(nèi)臟，放到窯里分段燒。這一次竟沒炸窯。他把頭和四肢裝在佰身上，一個活生生的監(jiān)工出現(xiàn)了。，由此，工匠們開始了大規(guī)模的制捅工程。8000御林軍捅就這樣被造了出來。
當然，案兵馬桶是借龐大的軍隊，來顯示秦始皇滅六國、建立統(tǒng)一帝目的雄心壯志酌。這些兵涌手執(zhí)短兵器、長兵器和遠射兵器，如劍、銥、吳鉤、矛t戈、曼、裁、鉸、弓、彎等。這些兵器主要是用銅和錫做成的，經(jīng)分析里邊還含有其它13種稀有金屬。為防止兵器生銹，案人在兵器表面徐有一層鉻鹽氧化物，這種鍍鉻技術(shù)在本世紀20年代才由檀國人發(fā)明出來，而我國在2000多年前就開始在兵器上鍍鉻，這實在令人嘆跟?，F(xiàn)已出土的彎機，分小、中、大三種類型。前兩種舀機，案兵用手拉弓弦就可以，而大型彎機，榮兵必須借助杠桿．才能將弓弦拉到扳機上。大型露機的射程為600多米，可比得上一支老式步槍了。
這是1980年在案陵西邊18米處發(fā)現(xiàn)的兩乘青銅車馬。一號車馬為駟馬高車，二號車馬為騾馬安車。韌發(fā)現(xiàn)時，這兩乘車馬破損嚴重，尤其是供秦始皇靈魂乘坐的安車，已破碎成1500多片．經(jīng)考古工作者修復后，現(xiàn)在，它們看上去完好如韌。兩乘車的車、馬、人都是仿照真車、真馬、真人，按比例縮小二分之一制成的，僅安車上金銀飾物就有1720件，重達7公斤。鋼車馬給人的不僅是藝術(shù)享受，更為重要的是．它們具有重要的歷史價值和科學價值。銅車馬是我們了解、研究秦朝車制、冶金鑄造技術(shù)、工藝水平等不可多得的實物資科。雖然．英雄一世，創(chuàng)立無數(shù)偉績的秦始皇——贏政早已去世2000多年了，但是，他的偉績，以及現(xiàn)存的兵馬桶留給人們的思考是什么呢?或者說，我們能從上述事物中吸取些什么呢?我想，敢創(chuàng)歷史先河、為國家統(tǒng)一不懼死亡的鋁賂和勇氣是我們應該吸取和仿效的。一代偉人贏政橫掃六國、統(tǒng)一中國的非凡氣度和魄力仍不失為我們今天克服前進路上的障礙的巨大動力。一個民族．一個國家想要富強，沒有這種氣魄是不行的!
